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| Invasive Non-Native Plants |
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Kudzu Kudzu is
native to
China and was introduced into the South in the 1930s to 50s for forage and
erosion control. It was eventually realized that it could not be used
or contained. This highly recognized perennial vine, "The
Vine that Ate the South," continues to spread along edges of
forests, pastures, and right-of-ways and around cities and towns.
During spring, kudzu vines can grow up to a foot a day, covering trees,
buildings, fences, road signs, and telephone and utility poles. |
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Tallowtree Tallowtree
is native to Eastern Asia and first introduced into South Carolina in the
1700s. It was then spread wider by federally-sponsored plantings in
the gulf coast during the early 1900s for a failed seed oil industry. |
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This aggressive species is replacing
valuable bottomland forests and has limited value for honey
production. Several southern states have banned or are in the process
of banning sales of this species. Plants are controlled by application
of herbicides to foliage, stems, or cut stumps.
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Cogongrass Native to Asia
and introduced into the Mobile area in the early 1900s. This tall
perennial grass with yellowish foliage forms dense circular infestations
that exclude all native species and has no known uses. |
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This is a federal and Alabama State listed
noxious week. Successful eradication is achieved with multiple
herbicide treatments over several years.
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Native to China and first introduced into the U. S. as an ornamental shrub in 1853. This mostly evergreen shrub has been a traditional ornamental hedge species and continues to be sold and planted principally as the variegated variety. |
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It spreads across the landscape by abundant
seeds carried by birds and water, while infestations grown by prolific
root-suckering. Chinese privetts is just one of several species of
privett invading Alabama's fencerows, forested creek bottoms, and upland
forests. The dense stremmy infestations reaching 30 ft. tall displace
most native species and prevent regeneration of bottomland hardwood and
upland pine forests. Chinese privet has some value as an ornamental,
deer browse, and bird habitat. Plants are controlled by application of
herbicides to foliage, stems, and cut stumps.
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Tropical Soda Apple is native to Brazil and Argentina and first found in Florida in 1988 and Alabama in 1994. This thorny perennial shrub invaded an estimated 1 million acres in five southern states within 7 years after its arrival.
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Japanese Climbing Fern Japanese Climbing Fern is native to Asia and Australia and was introduced into the U. S. in the 1930s. This perennial viney fern is rapidly spreading by wind and water carried spores and shipments of contaminated pinestraw. It is increasingly becoming found across Alabama. |
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These roses are native to Asia and were introduced into the U. S. in early times as ornamentals, livestock containment and wildlife plantings. |
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These roses are increasingly invading pastures, forest edges, right-of-ways, and wetland habitats displacing native species. Cherokee and Macartney roses are evergreen and multiflora is deciduous, but all form impenetrable entanglements that stop land use and management. Cherokee rose is major plant pest in the Black Belt, while multiflora and Macartney roses occur throughout Alabama. Effective eradication can be achieved with repeated herbicide applications, while biocontrol agents will weaken plants.
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Eurasion Water Milfoil is native to Eurasia and was introduced into the U. S. in the 1940s as an aquarium plant. This submerged, mat-forming perennial remains green during winter and occurs throughout Alabama in both fresh and brackish waters. |
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It is an aggressive invader of reservoirs,
rivers, and lakes. It forms dense mats that replace native plants and
prevents light penetration causing fish habitat destruction. It
spreads by plant fragments hitch-hiking on boats and trailers, but also
produces seeds. Carefully planned herbicide applications can reduce
infestations in some cases. See more images of Eurasion Water Milfoil >>>>>
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Hydrilla Hydrilla is native to Asia or Africa and was first introduced into Florida in the 1950s or early 1960s. This is a submersed herbaceous plant that infests freshwater ponds, rivers, and lakes. |
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Alligator Weed Hydrilla is native to Asia or Africa and was first introduced into Florida in the 1950s or early 1960s. This is a submersed herbaceous plant that infests freshwater ponds, rivers, and lakes. |
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Alligator week
is native to South America and was introduced into the U. S. in the 1890s in
ship ballast water. This herbaceous freshwater perennial invader forms
dense mats in water bodies, wetlands, and low lying as well as upland areas. |
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